Is it safe to clean the litter box when pregnant?

This article provides general information, drawing on both veterinary insights and guidance from established human health authorities. It doesn’t constitute medical advice. Always consult a professional healthcare provider for personalised medical guidance during pregnancy.

Cat ownership can become challenging during pregnancy. While cats have a reputation for taking care of themselves, they do require attention, love, and, sometimes, a bit of clean-up.

However, cleaning a litter box when pregnant presents a specific risk: exposure to a parasite that can cause complications during and after pregnancy.

Understanding the risks and taking the right precautions can significantly minimise potential issues. Before we get to the facts, let's separate the risks from common myths and clarify what's really at stake.

High-quality pet insurance

We're there for every wag and whisker.

Easy claims, high-quality cover and a team that truly loves pets. It's why we're Pet Insurance Provider of the Year (Moneyfacts 2025).

Protect your pet

Why can’t you clean the litter box when pregnant?

So, the main cause for caution around pregnancy and cat litter is the parasite Toxoplasma gondii. Cat poop can carry this parasite in microscopic cysts called oocysts. This parasite causes an illness called toxoplasmosis. While cats can become infected, it's the oocysts shed in their stool that can cause toxoplasmosis in humans.

While toxoplasmosis often causes mild or no symptoms in healthy adults, it can be particularly dangerous for individuals with weakened immune systems and, critically, for unborn babies, who can face severe harm from the infection.

This isn’t an issue with your cat; it’s an issue with exposure to places of high infection risk, like a cat’s faeces. Cat poo isn’t the sole source of this illness, either, as it can come from things like contaminated soil, unwashed fruit and veggies, and undercooked or raw meat, too. It's one of the main reasons health professionals recommend thoroughly washing produce and cooking meat to the appropriate temperature before consuming while pregnant.

It can potentially cause issues for your baby, like:

• Birth defects

• Birth problems

• Neurological issues

• Vision problems

Symptoms of toxoplasmosis in humans vary quite a bit, from mild, flu-like symptoms to deeper neurological issues. In certain people, it can become severe.

It’s why you must follow verified, expert sources on this, and we recommend reading the NHS page for medical information on this condition and pregnancy.

Let’s address the main myth about cats and pregnancy

First, let’s dispel the biggest myth of all: no, pregnant women don’t need to get rid of their cats. You just need to take more care when cleaning up your cat’s poop.

Pregnancy is stressful enough as it is, and getting rid of our beloved pets, who can offer essential companionship during pregnancy, won’t likely improve any anxiety you might be feeling.

We get it: pregnancy can be overwhelming, and it may be tempting to give your cat away to a loved one for a few months just to get rid of that fear. But trust us: proper precautions are enough. You don’t need to give up being a pet parent to be a human parent!

Maintain your bond with your cat: keep playing with them, keep their routine stable, and keep being their pet parent (even if you’ve outsourced litter duties).

How to clean a litter box when pregnant (if you must)

First, we recommend you don’t clean the litter box if you’re pregnant if possible. We recommend getting a family member or partner to take over litter duties.

If you must clean it out, strict adherence to precautions significantly reduces the risk of you contracting toxoplasmosis.

You should:

• Clean the box daily to reduce the chance of a parasite becoming infectious (it takes around one to five days for that oocyst in the faeces to “sporulate” and become infectious)

• Use a mask to decrease the likelihood of inhalation

• Wear disposable gloves and dispose of them properly

• Wash your hands thoroughly afterwards with soap and warm water

• Consider asking a partner or family member to take over litter duties

Other solutions include self-cleaning litter boxes. But honestly, just try to ask someone you know to share responsibility if you’re worried.

As long as you make it clear that cleaning your cat’s litter box is not a forever thing (after all, you hopefully won’t be pregnant forever!) and that it’ll help reduce risk or your anxiety. Your partner, family member, or friend will likely understand.

Risk factors: outdoor vs. indoor cats and toxoplasmosis

Outdoor cats are more likely to carry toxoplasmosis and the parasite that causes it. Hunting is a major source of the parasite, and when a cat rolls around in poop, rummages through trash, or gets muddy, they face exposure as well, even if it’s just your garden.

For example, a woman with an indoor-only cat (that has always been indoor only) can scoop the litter box with less worry, as that cat is highly unlikely to have had any exposure to Toxoplasma. It doesn’t mean this woman shouldn’t practice safe hygiene if cleaning the litter box, it just means her exposure risk is extremely low.

Conversely, a woman who has, say, two indoor/outdoor cats will need to take greater precautions. It’s double the risk due to the extra cat, and then there's an additional worry because the outdoors presents a greater chance of infection.

Other safety tips for cat owners during pregnancy

Avoid adopting new cats or strays during pregnancy

You shouldn’t get rid of your cat, but we wouldn’t recommend adopting a new cat or stray unless absolutely necessary during pregnancy. You don’t know the cat’s medical history, and it introduces risk.

Practice good hygiene in all pet interactions (not just cats)

Good hygiene is the cornerstone of all health, so make sure you’re regularly washing your hands and taking all precautions during pet interactions.

Take care at high-risk moments

We’re straying into human medicine here, but toxoplasmosis isn’t just from cats. You can also catch it from:

• Food preparation - Undercooked and raw meat can carry the parasite, though it’s rare - wash cutting boards and utensils well, and follow good hygiene

• Unwashed fruit and veg - Thoroughly wash your fruit and veg before eating it, especially if it’s raw

• Gardening - We all love a bit of restorative gardening, but even the greenest of thumbs need washing. Wear gloves when gardening and handling soil, and wash your hands thoroughly afterwards

• Sandboxes - This is a bit of a niche one, but cats love to poop in sandboxes. If your child has one outside, try to prevent cats from using them as litter boxes, and clean them regularly - these are higher risk since they’re usually outdoors

The role of routine vet checks and clean living

Your vet has a role in toxoplasmosis risk. Vets can test cats for either exposure to or the presence of the parasite itself. A positive toxoplasmosis blood test doesn’t mean your cat is actively shedding oocysts, but it can confirm there has been an infection either past or present.

This test checks for levels of antibodies against Toxoplasma in the bloodstream. Oftentimes two tests a few weeks apart are needed to see if there’s an active infection (vs. previous exposure).

Faecal testing for oocysts in your cat's poo is less common because the period of time these are present is short, therefore making the test less reliable to diagnose an active infection.

Your vet can also provide helpful advice on adjusting your lifestyle and litter cleaning habits to be as safe as possible.

Cat insurance and peace of mind during pregnancy

Pregnancy can get stressful, which is why you should know the extent of risks during pregnancy. So no, you don't need to get rid of your cat - you just need to take the right precautions.

And remember: your vet is there to help you as a pet parent as much as they’re there to help your cat. Ask them any and all questions you have - I’m sure they’ll be happy to help.

Cat insurance can help you prepare for unexpected stress too, and all of our plans have 24/7 video vet access so you can contact a professional anytime, any place.

But remember: if you're concerned about your health (not your pet's), please contact a medical professional.

High-quality cat insurance

Insure all nine lives

We know your cat knows best. But let's keep them protected from any unexpected accidents or illnesses - just in case.

Protect your pet